Acicular microstructure formation and strengthening behavior of Ti-4%Fe alloys by Zr addition

Commercial pure Ti alloys are favorable for biomedical applications; however, they need to be strengthened by the addition of alloying elements. Herein, Ti-Fe modified with Zr were explored produce that exhibit high strength and ductility biocompatible. extruded materials solutes prepared combining solid sintering hot extrusion. X-ray diffraction results revealed lattice constant α-Ti β-Ti increased proportionally content, indicating solution behavior. In situ ex observations microstructure formation element Zr, a weak β-stabilizer, decreased phase transformation temperature. However, during cooling process after extrusion, grain growth stagnated at same temperature, irrespective resulting in both refinement β-phase area fraction. The tensile test demonstrated 1010 MPa 0.2% yield Ti-4Fe-13Zr material 156%, compared base Ti-4Fe material. Furthermore, Labusch model Hall-Petch equation used quantitatively evaluate strengthening mechanism derived from changes size.